蒜裳晶计沛谭磋缔酿吗绕算内
Unit 1 College Life Self-assessment
1、 Section BDirections: In this part there is a passage followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice. I’ve been writing for most of my life. The book Writing Without Teachers introduced me to one distinction and one practice that has helped my writing processes tremendously. The distinction is between the creative mind and the critical mind. While you need to employ both to get to a finished result, they cannot work in parallel no matter how much we might like to think so.Trying to criticize writing on the fly is possibly the single greatest barrier to writing that most of us encounter. If you are listening to that 5th grade English teacher correct your grammar while you are trying to capture a fleeting (稍纵即逝的) thought, the thought will die. If you capture the fleeting thought and simply share it with the world in raw form, no one is likely to understand. You must learn to create first and then criticize if you want to make writing the tool for thinking that it is.The practice that can help you past your learned bad habits of trying to edit as you write is what Elbow calls “free writing.” In free writing, the objective is to get words down on paper non-stop, usually for 15-20 minutes. No stopping, no going back, no criticizing. The goal is to get the words flowing. As the words begin to flow, the ideas will come from the shadows and let themselves be captured on your notepad or your screen. Now you have raw materials that you can begin to work with using the critical mind that you’ve persuaded to sit on the side and watch quietly. Most likely, you will believe that this will take more time than you actually have and you will end up staring blankly at the pages as the deadline draws near.Instead of staring at a blank start filling it with words no matter how bad. Halfway through your available time, stop and rework your raw writing into something closer to finished product. Move back and forth until you run out of time and the final result will most likely be far better than your current practices. 21 When the author says the creative mind and the critical mind “cannot work in parallel” (Line 3, Para. 1) in the writing process, he means __.
A:no one can be both creative and critical
B:they cannot be regarded as equally important
C: they are in constant conflict with each other
D:one cannot use them at the same time
答案: one cannot use them at the same time
2、 What prevents people from writing on is __.
A:putting their ideas in raw form
B:attempting to edit as they write
C:ignoring grammatical soundness
D:trying to capture fleeting thoughts
答案: attempting to edit as they write
3、 What is the chief objective of the first stage of writing?
A:To organize one’s thoughts logically.
B:To choose an appropriate topic.
C:To get one’s ideas down.
D:To collect raw materials.
答案: To get one’s ideas down.
4、 One common concern of writers about “free writing” is that __.
A:it overstresses the role of the creative mind
B:it takes too much time to edit afterwards
C:it may bring about too much criticism
D:it does not help them to think clearly
答案: it takes too much time to edit afterwards
5、 In what way does the critical mind help the writer in the writing process?
A:It refines his writing into better shape.
B:It helps him to come up with new ideas.
C:It saves the writing time available to him.
D:It allows him to sit on the side and observe.
答案: It refines his writing into better shape.
6、 Part I Vocabulary (25 minutes)Directions: Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.ultimate commit highlight envy samplediversity recapture remarkable historic involve The government __ itself to improving health education since 1980s’.
答案: has committed
7、 ultimate commit highlight envy samplediversity recapture remarkable historic involve When having the party with these young people, they found themselves _ the joys of their youth.
答案: recapturing
8、 ultimate commit highlight envy samplediversity recapture remarkable historic involve The __ decision about who to employ lies with the manager.
答案: ultimate
9、 ultimate commit highlight envy samplediversity recapture remarkable historic involve Taking the job would __ living abroad.
答案: involve
10、 ultimate commit highlight envy samplediversity recapture remarkable historic involve Have you ever heard this proverb in English? “Better be __ than pitied.”
答案: envied
11、 ultimate commit highlight envy samplediversity recapture remarkable historic involve It was difficult for the enterprise to expand during a time of __ change.
答案: historic
12、 ultimate commit highlight envy samplediversity recapture remarkable historic involve When we went swimming last summer, we saw the most __ sunset at the beach.
答案: remarkable
13、 ultimate commit highlight envy samplediversity recapture remarkable historic involve We should get a thorough understanding about the cultural __ of the United States.
答案: diversity
14、 ultimate commit highlight envy samplediversity recapture remarkable historic involve I __ several classes and decided to choose four of them this semester.
答案: sampled
15、 ultimate commit highlight envy samplediversity recapture remarkable historic involve The __ of the lunch will be a speech by the minister.
答案: highlight
16、 Part II Reading Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this part there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.注意：请在答题处填入相应的字母编号 ！字母一定要大写！For me, college has been a great learning experience, and most of the learning process has taken place outside of the classroom. My sophomore year at college was perhaps the most 11_ year of my life. This was the year that I finally 12_ my mom that I was going to be OK living on campus, and she finally let me go. This was the year that I made some lifelong friends, and through many triumphs and failures I came to know more about myself. My sophomore year 13_ experimenting with new things, such as camping in mountains, attempting to 14_ some lousy poems to newspapers and drawing cartoons of my teachers in class.As I walk down the familiar 15_ on campus, I find myself doing a lot of soul-searching and reminiscing. I find myself wanting to start all over again and 16_ the fun and excitement of my college days. I have been 17_ at the idea of graduating. I have been going to school for as long as I can remember, and I feel like there is so much more that I want to learn, but instead I have to graduate. The world is 18_ and the possibilities are endless. For the past four years I have been 19_ with a safety net. The student status has been a somewhat comforting feeling, giving me an 20_ from the realities of the world outside. A. enormous B. responsibleC. routes D. awardE. convincedF. surroundedG. present H. remarkable I. basisJ. panickingK escape L. distinct M. amuse N. involvedO. recapture 11__
答案: H
17、 __
答案: E
18、 __
答案: N
19、 __
答案: G
20、 __
答案: C
21、 __
答案: O
22、 __
答案: J
23、 __
答案: A
24、 __
答案: F
25、 __
答案: K
Unit 2 Song of the Soul Self-assessment
1、 Section BDirections: In this part there is a passage followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice.A heat pump is a single electric system that both heats and cools. In summer, a heat pump is a conventional air conditioner which removes heat from a building. In winter, the system reverses itself to use the natural heat that is always present in outdoor air. By taking advantage of the free heat, a heat pump is more economical to operate in winter than a system using electric resistance heat. Electric resistance heat uses electricity as a raw material to create heat where no heat existed before. Heat pump, on the other hand, uses electricity to move existing heat from where it already exists naturally (outdoors) to where it is wanted (indoors). Heat energy will naturally flow from areas of greater concentration to areas of lesser concentration. That is what happens when hot food grows cool. The heat from the food flows into the air in the room until the food stabilizes at room temperature. Blowing air over substance will speed up the process, which is why a winter day will seem cold when there is a strong wind than when the air is still. A heat pump uses this heat transfer process to move heat which is always in the air. The outdoor coil is made colder than the outdoors air. A fan blows outdoor air across the coil where heat is absorbed by the refrigerant. The refrigerant is then compressed and moved to the indoor coil and the heat is distributed in the building. During the summer, a heat pump reverses this process. The indoor coil is made cooler than the indoor air, and so room heat flows into the refrigerant which is compressed and moved to the outdoor coil. The outdoor coil, which is hotter than the outdoor air, will lose heat energy. 21. A heat pump is used_____.
A:to heat and cook
B:to heat but not cool
C:to cool but not heat
D:to heat and cool
答案: to heat and cool
2、 A heat pump is used to make the room comfortable by using_____
A:electric resistance
B:natural heat and cool
C:coal energy
D:petrol energy
答案: natural heat and cool
3、 According to the passage, the word “economical” (para.1) refers to all of the following except_____.
A:energy-saving
B:money-saving
C:electricity-saving
D:time-saving
答案: time-saving
4、 According to the passage, a heat pump is _____.
A:only used at night
B:only used in summer
C:only used in winter
D:used in summer and in winter as well
答案: used in summer and in winter as well
5、 According to the passage, we can make the substance cool quickly by _____.
A:blowing cold air over it
B:putting it in the room
C:covering it with something
D:blowing hot air over it
答案: blowing cold air over it
6、 Part I Vocabulary (25 minutes)Directions: Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.ambition passion release attain destinationpursue ideal obstacle vision accumulateIt is unjust that a privileged few should continue to __ wealth while the working class can only manage to make their ends meet.
答案: accumulate
7、 ambition passion release attain destinationpursue ideal obstacle vision accumulateHe spoke with considerable __ about the importance of art and literature.
答案: passion
8、 ambition passion release attain destinationpursue ideal obstacle vision accumulateWomen today have the chance to pursue their own careers, but still have to overcome many _ to gain real equality.
答案: obstacles
9、 ambition passion release attain destinationpursue ideal obstacle vision accumulatePhysical exercise is a good way of __ stress. You will feel rather refreshed.
答案: releasing
10、 ambition passion release attain destinationpursue ideal obstacle vision accumulateThe proposal offers a(n) __ opportunity for youngsters to get training.
答案: ideal
11、 ambition passion release attain destinationpursue ideal obstacle vision accumulateIf we work hard, we can _ whatever goal we set in our mind.
答案: attain
12、 ambition passion release attain destinationpursue ideal obstacle vision accumulateWe need a leader with __ and strong principles. He or she should know what is needed in planning for the future.
答案: vision
13、 ambition passion release attain destinationpursue ideal obstacle vision accumulate After an hour’s train ride and half an hour’s walk, we eventually arrived at our ____.
答案: destination
14、 ambition passion release attain destinationpursue ideal obstacle vision accumulate___ is the desire for personal achievement. It provides the motivation and determination necessary to achieve a particular end or condition.
答案: Ambition
15、 ambition passion release attain destinationpursue ideal obstacle vision accumulate Students should __ their own interests, as well as do their school work.
答案: pursue
16、 Part II Reading Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this part there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.注意：请在答题处填入相应的字母编号！字母一定要大写！Just because I believe I can do something doesn’t mean there won’t be any problems. But once I believe I can do it, I will seek _11 for every problem I stumble on. And since it is a law of life that we find what we look for, if I look for solutions, I will find them. Any worthy dream is a dream worthy of 12_. Once I realize I can do it, the next step is to make a 13. As soon as we make a commitment, great power is released. What _14 were insurmountable hurdles are now reduced to obstacles of laughable insignificance. Our dreams don’t have to be grand to be great. We don’t have to become the world’s greatest pianist, an Olympic medal winner, or an internationally 15_ superstar. An aunt of mine sold gloves in a department store for most of her life. Her dream was to be the friendliest and most 16 salesperson around. Year after year, the _17 customers would return and deliberately 18_ her out. She brightened everyone’s day and touched the lives of thousands. Was her dream any 19 significant than that of a prominent person? Of course not, but we all have the power to _20 a dream that will make a difference to us and those we meet.A. answers B. solutions C. deal D. commitment E. follow F. seek G. different H. same I. helpful J. less K. acclaimed L. challenging M. accomplishing N. seemingly O. obviously 11 _____
答案: B
17、 __
答案: M
18、 __
答案: D
19、 __
答案: N
20、 __
答案: K
21、 __
答案: I
22、 __
答案: H
23、 __
答案: F
24、 __
答案: J
25、 __
答案: E
Unit 3 Leisure Activities Self-assessment
1、 Section BDirections: In this part there is a passage followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice. When one looks back upon the fifteen hundred years that are the life span of the English language, he should be able to notice a number of significant truths. The history of our language has always been a history of constant change—at times a slow, almost imperceptible (几乎觉察不到的) change, at other times a violent collision between two languages. Our language has always been a living growing organism; it has never been static. Another significant truth that emerges from such a study is that language at all times has been the possession not of one class or group but of many. At one extreme, it has been the property of the common, ignorant folk, who have used it in the daily business of their living, much as they have used their animals or the kitchen pots and pans. At the other extreme, it has been the treasure of those who have respected it as an instrument and a sign of civilization, and who have struggled by writing it down to give it some permanence, order, dignity, and if possible, a little beauty. As we consider our changing language, we should note here two developments that are of special and immediate importance to us. One is that since the time of the Anglo-Saxons there has been an almost complete reversal of the different devices for showing the relationship of words in a sentence. Anglo-Saxon (old English) was a language of many inflections. Modern English has few inflections. We must now depend largely on word order and function words to convey the meanings that the older language did by means of changes in the forms of words. Function words, you should understand, are words such as prepositions, conjunctions, and a few others that are used primarily to show relationships among other words. A few inflections, however, have survived. And when some word inflections come into conflict with word order, there may be trouble for the users of the language, as we shall see later when we turn our attention to such maters as WHO or WHOM and ME or I. The second fact we must consider is that as language itself changes, our attitudes toward language forms change also. The eighteenth century, for example, produced from various sources a tendency to fix the language into patterns not always set in and grew, until at the present time there is a strong tendency to restudy and re-evaluate language practices in terms of the ways in which people speak and write.问题21 Which of the following can be best used as the title of the passage?
A:The history of the English language.
B:Our changing attitude towards the English language.
C:Our changing language.
D:Some characteristics of modern English.
答案: Our changing language.
2、 Choose the appropriate meaning for the word “inflection” used in line 4 of paragraph 2.
A:Changes in the forms of words.
B:Changes in sentence structures.
C:Changes in spelling rules.
D:Words that have similar meanings.
答案: Changes in the forms of words.
3、 Which of the following statements is not mentioned in the passage?
A:It is generally believed that the year 1500 can be set as the beginning of the modern English language.
B:Some other languages had great influence on the English language at some stages of its development.
C:The English language has been and still in a state of relatively constant change.
D:Many classes or groups have contributed to the development of the English language.
答案: It is generally believed that the year 1500 can be set as the beginning of the modern English language.
4、 The author of these paragraphs is probably a(an) _____.
A:historian
B:philosopher
C:anthropologist
D:linguist
答案: linguist
5、 In contrast to the earlier linguists, modern linguists tend to ___.
A:attempt to continue the standardization of the language
B:evaluate language practices in terms of current speech rather than standards or proper patterns
C:be more concerned about the improvement of the language than its analysis or history
D:be more aware of the rules of the language usage
答案: evaluate language practices in terms of current speech rather than standards or proper patterns
6、 Part II Vocabulary (25 minutes) Directions: Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary. flourishing handle maintain relieve secureinevitable browse immerse relate vitalI’ve spent one whole week __ through Hemingway’s works, trying to understand his unique style of writing.
答案: browsing
7、 flourishing handle maintain relieve secureinevitable browse immerse relate vitalThe Chinese government passed an e-commerce law aimed at improving regulation over the __ market.
答案: flourishing
8、 flourishing handle maintain relieve secureinevitable browse immerse relate vitalVirtual reality, VR, completely __ people into digital worlds, and usually requires wearing a headset.
答案: immerses
9、 flourishing handle maintain relieve secureinevitable browse immerse relate vitalHe was disappointed by his failure to __ the top job with the bank.
答案: secure
10、 flourishing handle maintain relieve secureinevitable browse immerse relate vitalDisease was an __ consequence of poor living conditions.
答案: inevitable
11、 flourishing handle maintain relieve secureinevitable browse immerse relate vitalVolunteers were recruited to __ the acute labor shortage.
答案: relieve
12、 flourishing handle maintain relieve secureinevitable browse immerse relate vitalThe kidney plays a __ role in the removal of waste products from the blood.
答案: vital
13、 flourishing handle maintain relieve secureinevitable browse immerse relate vitalGroup work helps children learn to share things and __ to each other.
答案: relate
14、 flourishing handle maintain relieve secureinevitable browse immerse relate vitalAir France has __ a high level of service for many years.
答案: maintained
15、 flourishing handle maintain relieve secureinevitable browse immerse relate vitalIt’s her first year as a doctor, but she is __ the pressures of the job very well.
答案: handling
16、 Part II Reading Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this part there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.注意：请在答题处填入相应的字母编号！字母一定要大写！As a freshman, there’s really something you might be eager to find on campus, i.e. the chance to throw yourself into the world of University Societies, and discover the huge range of activities at Oxford.Your first move should be to 11__ the large array of clubs at the OUSU Freshers’ Fair, from which you will get a brand-new edition of the comprehensive 12_ to all things at Oxford. If you miss the fair, you can still see what societies are offered in The Oxford Directory, a 13__ issued to you in Freshers’ Week. The degree to which people get involved in societies 14_. Some totally 15__ themselves in a club, rising to become a leader of the organization; others take a more 16__ approach, being members of several societies and taking part in whichever interesting; while many people, perhaps foolishly, completely ignore university societies and just 17_ with mates in college. Societies offer a great chance to 18_ people from outside college. If you have ambitions to 19___ a new society, you can register it, with start-up 20_ and loans, among other benefits. A. handbook B. funds C. eclectic D. seek out E. guide F. check out G. grants H. hang out I. merits J. release K open upL. immerseM. reluctantN. variesO. meet问题11 填空题（2分）____.
答案: F
17、 _____
答案: E
18、 ____
答案: A
19、 ____.
答案: N
20、 _____.
答案: L
21、 ____.
答案: C
22、 ____.
答案: H
23、 ___.
答案: O
24、 ____.
答案: K
25、 ____.
答案: G
Unit 4 Living on Your Own Self-assessment
1、 Section BDirections: In this part there is a passage followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice.Attention to detail is something everyone can and should do – especially in a tight job market. Bob Crossley, a human-resources expert notices this in the job applications that come across his desk every day. “It’s amazing how many candidates eliminate themselves.” he says.Resume (简历) arrives with stains. Some candidates don’t bother to spell the company’s name correctly. “Once I see a mistake, I eliminate the candidate,” Crossley concludes. “If they cannot take care of these details, why should we trust them with a job?”Can we pay too much attention to detail? Absolutely. Perfectionists struggle over little things at the cost of something larger they work toward. “To keep from losing the forest for the trees”, says Charles Garfield, associate professor at the University of California, San Francisco, “we must constantly ask ourselves how the details we’re working on fit into the larger picture. If they don’t, we should drop them and move to something else”.Garfield compares this process to his work as a computer scientist at NASA. “The Apollo II moon launch was slightly off-course 90 percent of the time.” Says Garfield, “But a successful landing was still likely because we knew the exact coordinates (坐标) of our goal. This allowed us to make adjustments as necessary.” Knowing where we want to go helps us judge the importance of every task we undertake.Too often we believe what accounts for others’ success is some special secret or a lucky break (机遇). But rarely is success so mysterious. Again and again, we see that by doing little things within our grasp well, large rewards follow. 21单选(2分) According to the passage, some job applicants were rejected _____.
A:because of their carelessness as shown in their failure to present a clean copy of a resume
B:because of their inadequate education as shown in their poor spelling in writing a resume
C:because they failed to give detailed description of their background in their applications
D:because they eliminated their names from the applicants’ list themselves
答案: because of their carelessness as shown in their failure to present a clean copy of a resume
2、 The word “perfectionists” (Line 1, Para. 3, ) refers to those who _____.
A:demand others to get everything absolutely right
B:know how to adjust their goals according to the circumstances
C:pay too much attention to details only to lose their major objectives
D:are capable of achieving perfect results in whatever they do
答案: pay too much attention to details only to lose their major objectives
3、 Which of the following is the author’s advice to the reader?
A:Although too much attention to details may be costly, they should not be overlooked.
B: Don’t forget details when drawing pictures.
C:Be aware of the importance of a task before undertaking it.
D: Careless applicants are not to be trusted.
答案: Although too much attention to details may be costly, they should not be overlooked.
4、 The example of the Apollo II moon launch is given to illustrate that _____.
A:minor mistakes can be ignored in achieving major objectives
B:failure is the mother of success
C:adjustments are the key to the successful completion of any work
D:keeping one’s goal in mind helps in deciding which details can be overlooked
答案: keeping one’s goal in mind helps in deciding which details can be overlooked
5、 The best title for this passage would be _____.
A:Don’t Be a Perfectionist
B:Importance of Adjustments
C:Details and Major Objectives
D:Hard Work Plus Good Luck
答案: Details and Major Objectives
6、 Part I Vocabulary (25 minutes) Directions: Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary. inquiry economical assign authority recommenddecisive outcome scare investigate undertake We are of course____ how an error like this could have occurred.
答案: investigating
7、 inquiry economical assign authority recommenddecisive outcome scare investigate undertake Going by train is more __ than going by plane.
答案: economical
8、 inquiry economical assign authority recommenddecisive outcome scare investigate undertake It’s too early to predict the ____of the meeting.
答案: outcome
9、 inquiry economical assign authority recommenddecisive outcome scare investigate undertake I wish to make some __ about the train service to Shanghai.
答案: inquiries
10、 inquiry economical assign authority recommenddecisive outcome scare investigate undertake None of us has questioned my father’s __.
答案: authority
11、 inquiry economical assign authority recommenddecisive outcome scare investigate undertake Students are required to ____ simple experiments .
答案: undertake
12、 inquiry economical assign authority recommenddecisive outcome scare investigate undertake I’ve been __ the job of teaching English to the children.
答案: assigned
13、 inquiry economical assign authority recommenddecisive outcome scare investigate undertake He should give way to a younger, more ____ leader.
答案: decisive
14、 inquiry economical assign authority recommenddecisive outcome scare investigate undertake It is strongly ____ that the machines be checked every year.
答案: recommended
15、 inquiry economical assign authority recommenddecisive outcome scare investigate undertake The thought of the exams next week __ me a lot.
答案: scares
16、 Part II Reading Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this part there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.注意：请在答题处填入相应的字母编号！字母一定要大写！It was easy to 11 to life in London. And there is so much to see that after six months 12 I probably covered only half of what I 13. Working in London has many 14. For one, I truly get to learn the culture by being 15 in its workforce. Most of my coworkers were British so I feel like I really got to know and learn the British culture through such a huge 16 of a British person’s daily life. Secondly, it is an 17 way to live and travel in another country since most jobs pay enough to 18 rent, living expenses and some travel expenses. And thirdly, I have the chance to gain 19 work experience and internationalize my resume. Working in London has been the best decision I have made so far. I would not 20 for a second to recommend it to anyone! A. creativeF. immersedK. aspectB. recommendedG. intendedL. prospectC. exploringH. adjustM. advantagesD. accommodationsI. valuableN. assigningE. coverJ. economicalO. hesitate 11. 填空(2分) _
答案: H
17、 __
答案: C
18、 __
答案: G
19、 __
答案: M
20、 __
答案: F
21、 __
答案: K
22、 __
答案: J
23、 __
答案: E
24、 __
答案: I
25、 __
答案: O
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